The acid in vinegar is acetic acid and the fact you have a reaction when you pour it on a rock suggests you have a carbonate rock http://www.sepmstrata.org/CMS_Images/Contributed/AppGeoStruct/tests.pdf. Common carbonates are calcite/aragonite and dolomite but there are others: https://geology.com/minerals/acid-test.shtml. The precipitate you get depends on what rock you started with. For example, if it was limestone, which is mostly calcium carbonate, I would guess the precipitate is calcium acetate.
The acid in vinegar is acetic acid and the fact you have a reaction when you pour it on a rock suggests you have a carbonate rock http://www.sepmstrata.org/CMS_Images/Contributed/AppGeoStruct/tests.pdf. Common carbonates are calcite/aragonite and dolomite but there are others: https://geology.com/minerals/acid-test.shtml. The precipitate you get depends on what rock you started with. For example, if it was limestone, which is mostly calcium carbonate, I would guess the precipitate is calcium acetate.